Liquid Chromatographic Modes

• Normal-phase or Liquid-solid (NP, LSC)
• Separation based on adsorption/desorption of the analyte onto a polar surface (silica)
• Reversed-phase (RPC)
• Separation based on analytes’ partition coefficients between the mobile phase and the bonded stationary phase
• Ion-exchange (IEC)
• Separation based on ion-exchanging with the counter-ions and ionic interaction with the bonded ionic group
• Size-exclusion (SEC or GPC)
• Separation based on analyte’s molecular size and sieving action of the column packing